Nařízení Komise v přenesené pravomoci (EU) 2025/20 ze dne 19. prosince 2024, kterým se doplňuje nařízení Evropského parlamentu a Rady (EU) 2018/1139 stanovením požadavků na bezpečné poskytování služeb pozemního odbavení a na organizace, které je poskytují

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91OJ L 212, 22.8.2018, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1139/oj. , and in particular Article 39(1), points (d) and (e) thereof,

This Regulation establishes common requirements for the provision of ground handling services and organisations providing them at aerodromes within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139.

OJ L 212, 22.8.2018, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1139/oj.

(1) Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 establishes the essential requirements for the safe provision of ground handling services and organisations providing them at the Union aerodromes within the scope of that Regulation. Article 37(2) requires providers of ground handling services to make a declaration regarding their capability to discharge their responsibilities associated with the safe provision of ground handling services.

(2) To ensure a total-system approach and guarantee a baseline for safety in all aviation-related activities, and in line with the principle of subsidiarity, detailed rules for the provision of ground handling services and the privileges and responsibilities of organisations providing them should be laid down.

(3) Pursuant to Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, those rules are to reflect the state of the art and best practices in the field of ground handling; take into account the applicable International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) and worldwide ground handling operation experience, as well as scientific and technical progress in the ground handling domain; be proportionate to the size and complexity of the ground handling activities; and provide for the necessary flexibility for customised compliance.

(4) The Regulation should ensure a level playing field for the provision of ground handling services for all organisations providing those services, including self-handling by aircraft operators, at aerodromes within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139.

(5) For aircraft operators performing self-handling or aerodrome operators providing ground handling services, which already have management system structures required under other Union regulations in the aviation sector, the ground handling requirements should be easy to integrate so as to create minimum disruptions to the established system of organisations and national competent authorities. Therefore, this Regulation should be aligned as much as possible particularly with Commission Regulations (EU) No 965/2012Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 of 5 October 2012 laying down technical requirements and administrative procedures related to air operations pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 296, 25.10.2012, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2012/965/oj). and (EU) No 139/2014Commission Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 of 12 February 2014 laying down requirements and administrative procedures related to aerodromes pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 44, 14.2.2014, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2014/139/oj). , as the ground handling domain is an interface between air operations and aerodrome operations, and therefore the management systems as regulated by these acts should be aligned and the necessary cross-references established.

(6) This Regulation does not cover those ground handling activities that are already regulated by other acts, such as flight dispatch, load control, and ground supervision, which are covered by Regulation (EU) No 965/2012, marshalling of aircraft, which is covered by Regulation (EU) No 139/2014, or oil handling, which is covered by Commission Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014Commission Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 of 26 November 2014 on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and appliances, and on the approval of organisations and personnel involved in these tasks (OJ L 362, 17.12.2014, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2014/1321/oj). .

(7) In line with the proportionality principle, with regard to self-handling by aircraft operators, this Regulation should only apply to self-handling activities by aircraft operators performing commercial air transport operations with complex motor-powered aircraft. It is considered that Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 sufficiently addresses the safety risks of self-handling activities performed by operators conducting any operations that are not commercial air transport operations, either with complex or with other-than-complex motor-powered aircraft.

(8) The measures provided for in this Regulation should improve and promote the safety of ground handling services and a safety culture within the organisations providing such services. Therefore, the requirements laid down in this Regulation should provide the necessary tools and a description of the process for organisations to implement a safety reporting system, to help them collect and analyse the safety data obtained from those reports, and to establish and foster a safety culture with each individual employed in their organisation.

(9) With this Regulation, ground handling organisations are to assume full responsibility for the safe provision of services, their operations, and control the operational risks of their activities, while aircraft operators continue to remain responsible for the safety of the aircraft and for the flight, while aerodrome operators continue to remain responsible for the safe operation of aerodromes. Therefore, ground handling organisations should develop and implement a management system with effective safety management processes capable of identifying and managing the safety risks, including those arising from interfaces with the aircraft operators and the aerodrome operators, through the application of adequate and proportionate mitigation measures.

(10) The management system developed and implemented by ground handling organisations should be proportionate, scalable to the size and complexity of their organisation and activities, and should cover the management of safety, management of changes, safety reporting, training of personnel, records and documentation, maintenance of ground support equipment used, identification of safety-related interfaces with other stakeholders involved in ground handling activities, operational procedures, and compliance monitoring. Ground handling organisations should strive to develop and foster an organisational safety culture, in which employees understand their individual importance in the aviation safety chain and contribute actively to maintaining and improving the level of safety in their daily operational tasks. This Regulation contains provisions to support organisations to develop and cultivate a healthy reporting culture.

(11) To ensure a common approach in addressing the safety risks arising from the interfaces between ground handling, aircraft and aerodrome operations, and to promote a common understanding of hazards and risks, ground handling organisations, aircraft operators and aerodrome operators should have the same safety information and safety data when these are relevant for them and when these information and data may affect the safety performance of either organisation. To achieve this, such organisations should be able to share among themselves relevant safety information, as well as information resulting from occurrence reports or oversight inspections and audits.

(12) Ground handling services, provided to an aircraft at an aerodrome, are an interface in themselves between aircraft and aerodrome operations. The safety risks arising from this situation should be properly acknowledged through a regulatory framework for the interaction between organisations, so as to enable them to identify those operational interfaces having an effect on safety and apply proper mitigation measures to minimise the risks in operation. At the same time, ground handling organisations should be able to discuss safety on an equal ground with the other stakeholders involved in those operational interfaces and provide them with the possibility to apply their own operational procedures if they are based on their safety risk management processes and if this is agreed with the aircraft operator to which they provide services.

(13) To ensure a smooth transition from the existing national regulations of the Member States to this Regulation, it is necessary to provide ground handling organisations that are already operating at the time when this Regulation becomes applicable with sufficient time and minimum conditions to shift from the existing national regulations of the Member States to this Regulation.

(14) Training of ground handling operational personnel is one of the most important measures for mitigating the safety risks in ground handling activities. Ground handling organisations should ensure that all operational personnel involved in ground handling activities are competent to provide those services. The competence of the operational personnel should always be maintained. Therefore, this Regulation establishes minimum requirements regarding the training and assessment programme for the safety-relevant personnel to ensure that they develop and maintain the competencies necessary to perform their tasks safely and effectively.

(15) To support the mobility of personnel across ground handling organisations and to reduce the training costs upon re-training of a new employee that has already achieved the required qualifications at the previous employment, ground handling personnel should be able to easily provide proof of training already completed. The ground handling organisation should therefore provide to the employee a copy of respective training records, upon request, which should enable the easy assessment and mutual recognition of training across organisations subject to this Regulation.

(16) Flight safety and safe provision of ground handling services depend heavily on the use of functional, properly maintained ground support equipment. The functionality of the equipment used for the provision of ground handling services should be ensured by the application of a maintenance programme, including preventive maintenance, developed and applied in accordance with instructions and manuals of the equipment manufacturer. The rules should also be technology-neutral, to allow innovations and a smooth adoption of new technologies at a fast pace, while keeping an environmentally friendly approach towards the choice of ground support equipment. At the same time, the rules should provide the possibility for organisations to adopt and implement practices and business models that minimise aerodrome congestion and make aerodrome operations safer and more efficient, such as equipment pooling or a safety stack model, where the aerodrome specificity allows for the implementation of such business models.

(17) This Regulation should ensure a pragmatic and balanced approach between prescriptive and performance-based rules. Flexibility in the approach towards requirements on operational procedures for ground handling services is a key to achieving the safety objectives. Therefore, it is essential that the requirements covering the operational procedures remain performance-based and rely on the voluntary application of industry standards and good practices, as well as operational procedures well established by aircraft operators and ground handling organisations.

(18) The essential requirements in Annex VII, point 4.1(c) to Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 mandate that organisations provide ground handling services in accordance with the operational instructions and procedures of the aircraft operators. The operational procedures for the same ground handling service and to the same type of aircraft may differ significantly between aircraft operators, and this increases the risk of human error as it could lead to aircraft damage and endanger flight safety. The essential requirements in Annex VII point 4.2.3 to Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 require that ground handling organisations develop their own operational procedures for the provision of ground handling services. This Regulation enables ground handling organisations to apply their own operational procedures if this is agreed by the aircraft operator. Furthermore, this Regulation makes ground handling organisations formally accountable and responsible for the safety of their own services by the application of an effective safety management system. This should also support ground handling organisations in developing, assessing, discussing and agreeing with the aircraft operators on common operational procedures that are safe for both parties. All these elements, placed in several requirements, should improve the existing level of trust between the aircraft operator and its provider of ground handling services, and lead towards a harmonisation of the operational procedures.

(19) This Regulation should further ensure that it provides solid elements for organisations to improve their analysis of causes of events identified through their own compliance monitoring processes or through the national competent authority oversight, and also to improve their safety reporting culture. At the same time, the Regulation should also provide a framework for the provision by the national competent authorities of direct and consistent feedback on reported ground handling events directly to the ground handling organisations.

(20) It is necessary to provide sufficient time for the ground handling industry and national competent authorities to implement the new regulatory framework after the entry into force of this Regulation, therefore a transition period of 3 years should be provided for its deferred applicability and a transition period of 6 years should be provided for the deferred applicability of the requirements covering the information security management.

(21) The requirements laid down in this Regulation are based on Opinion No 01/2024https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/document-library/opinions/opinion-no-012024. issued by the Agency in accordance with Article 75(2), points (b) and (c), and Article 76(1) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139.

(22) In accordance with Article 128(4) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, the Commission consulted experts designated by each Member State in accordance with the principles laid down in the Interinstitutional Agreement of 13 April 2016 on Better Law-MakingOJ L 123, 12.5.2016, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/agree_interinstit/2016/512/oj. ,

This Regulation shall apply to the ground handling organisations that provide any of the ground handling services specified in paragraph 2 at one or more aerodromes within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139.

This Regulation shall apply to the following services provided to aeroplanes:

(a) passenger handling, including passengers with reduced mobility, including safety aspects of passenger and baggage acceptance at the aerodrome, safety of passengers during boarding and disembarkation using ground support equipment and during transit or transfer, and ground transportation of passengers between the aerodrome terminal and the aircraft;

(b) baggage handling, including baggage identification, sorting, building, transfer, arrival and reclaim;

(c) the following aircraft servicing activities:(i) operation of ground support equipment (GSE) used for ground handling services, including loading and unloading of catering, and the movement of those GSE on the apron and around the aircraft;(ii) aircraft refuelling and defuelling, namely into-plane fuelling services at the aerodrome;(iii) aircraft toilet servicing;(iv) potable water servicing;(v) aircraft exterior cleaning;(vi) aircraft de-icing and anti-icing;

(i) operation of ground support equipment (GSE) used for ground handling services, including loading and unloading of catering, and the movement of those GSE on the apron and around the aircraft;

(ii) aircraft refuelling and defuelling, namely into-plane fuelling services at the aerodrome;

(iii) aircraft toilet servicing;

(iv) potable water servicing;

(v) aircraft exterior cleaning;

(vi) aircraft de-icing and anti-icing;

(d) the following aircraft turnaround activities:(i) activities upon aircraft arrival, including aircraft securing on the ground;(ii) loading and unloading of baggage, cargo, mail, catering, and loading supervision;(iii) activities upon aircraft departure;(iv) aircraft towing and pushback;

(i) activities upon aircraft arrival, including aircraft securing on the ground;

(ii) loading and unloading of baggage, cargo, mail, catering, and loading supervision;

(iii) activities upon aircraft departure;

(iv) aircraft towing and pushback;

(e) the following cargo and mail handling at an aerodrome:(i) cargo acceptance on behalf of the aircraft operator;(ii) final build-up and storage;(iii) final weighing and tagging of unit load devices;(iv) final checks before air transportation;(v) ground transportation of cargo and mail between the point of final checks and the aircraft.

(i) cargo acceptance on behalf of the aircraft operator;

(ii) final build-up and storage;

(iii) final weighing and tagging of unit load devices;

(iv) final checks before air transportation;

(v) ground transportation of cargo and mail between the point of final checks and the aircraft.

This Regulation shall not apply to the following activities and organisations performing them:

(a) marshalling of aircraft;

(b) flight dispatch tasks performed by flight dispatchers as defined by Regulation (EU) No 965/2012;

(c) load control tasks related to load planning, mass and balance calculations, load control messages and communications, and issuance of load control documents;

(d) ground supervision;

(e) oil handling for the aircraft (including replenishment, servicing) performed by maintenance organisations approved under Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, other organisations compliant with Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, and other maintenance organisations holding an approval issued in compliance with ICAO Annex 8 Chapter 6;

(f) aircraft exterior cleaning when performed by maintenance organisations approved under Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, other organisations compliant with Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, and other maintenance organisations holding an approval issued in compliance with ICAO Annex 8 Chapter 6 and the activity is included in the organisation’s maintenance manual;

(g) any other ground handling activity when performed by a maintenance organisation approved under Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, other organisations compliant with Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, and other maintenance organisations holding an approval issued in compliance with ICAO Annex 8 Chapter 6 for the purpose of aircraft maintenance;

(h) ground transportation of passengers and crew members when this is the only service provided by an entity;

(i) self-handling, when performed by aircraft operators performing any of the following types of operations:(i) commercial air transport operations with other-than-complex motor-powered aircraft;(ii) any flight operations with complex or other-than-complex motor-powered aircraft that are not commercial air transport operations;

(i) commercial air transport operations with other-than-complex motor-powered aircraft;

(ii) any flight operations with complex or other-than-complex motor-powered aircraft that are not commercial air transport operations;

(j) handling of passengers with reduced mobility, or ground transportation of passengers and crew members, or both, when these are the only ground handling services provided by an aerodrome operator with its own personnel, not cumulated with other ground handling services provided by that aerodrome operator.

Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 of 5 October 2012 laying down technical requirements and administrative procedures related to air operations pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 296, 25.10.2012, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2012/965/oj).

Article 1 Article 1 Subject matter

Article 2 Article 2 Scope 1.This Regulation shall apply to the ground handling organisations that provide any of the ground handling services specified in paragraph 2 at one or more aerodromes within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139. 2.This Regulation shall apply to the following services provided to aeroplanes: (a) passenger handling, including passengers with reduced mobility, including safety aspects of passenger and baggage acceptance at the aerodrome, safety of passengers during boarding and disembarkation using ground support equipment and during transit or transfer, and ground transportation of passengers between the aerodrome terminal and the aircraft;(b) baggage handling, including baggage identification, sorting, building, transfer, arrival and reclaim;(c) the following aircraft servicing activities:(i) operation of ground support equipment (GSE) used for ground handling services, including loading and unloading of catering, and the movement of those GSE on the apron and around the aircraft;(ii) aircraft refuelling and defuelling, namely into-plane fuelling services at the aerodrome;(iii) aircraft toilet servicing;(iv) potable water servicing;(v) aircraft exterior cleaning;(vi) aircraft de-icing and anti-icing; (d) the following aircraft turnaround activities:(i) activities upon aircraft arrival, including aircraft securing on the ground;(ii) loading and unloading of baggage, cargo, mail, catering, and loading supervision;(iii) activities upon aircraft departure;(iv) aircraft towing and pushback; (e) the following cargo and mail handling at an aerodrome:(i) cargo acceptance on behalf of the aircraft operator;(ii) final build-up and storage;(iii) final weighing and tagging of unit load devices;(iv) final checks before air transportation;(v) ground transportation of cargo and mail between the point of final checks and the aircraft. 3.This Regulation shall not apply to the following activities and organisations performing them: (a) marshalling of aircraft;(b) flight dispatch tasks performed by flight dispatchers as defined by Regulation (EU) No 965/2012;(c) load control tasks related to load planning, mass and balance calculations, load control messages and communications, and issuance of load control documents;(d) ground supervision;(e) oil handling for the aircraft (including replenishment, servicing) performed by maintenance organisations approved under Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, other organisations compliant with Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, and other maintenance organisations holding an approval issued in compliance with ICAO Annex 8 Chapter 6;(f) aircraft exterior cleaning when performed by maintenance organisations approved under Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, other organisations compliant with Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, and other maintenance organisations holding an approval issued in compliance with ICAO Annex 8 Chapter 6 and the activity is included in the organisation’s maintenance manual;(g) any other ground handling activity when performed by a maintenance organisation approved under Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, other organisations compliant with Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, and other maintenance organisations holding an approval issued in compliance with ICAO Annex 8 Chapter 6 for the purpose of aircraft maintenance;(h) ground transportation of passengers and crew members when this is the only service provided by an entity;(i) self-handling, when performed by aircraft operators performing any of the following types of operations:(i) commercial air transport operations with other-than-complex motor-powered aircraft;(ii) any flight operations with complex or other-than-complex motor-powered aircraft that are not commercial air transport operations; (j) handling of passengers with reduced mobility, or ground transportation of passengers and crew members, or both, when these are the only ground handling services provided by an aerodrome operator with its own personnel, not cumulated with other ground handling services provided by that aerodrome operator.

Article 3 Article 3 Definitions

Article 4 Article 4 Conditions and procedures for organisations providing ground handling services

Article 5 Article 5 Transitional provisions

Article 6 Article 6 Entry into force and application 1.This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union . 2.It shall apply from 27 March 2028 . 3.However, point ORGH.MGM.201 of Annex I to this Regulation shall apply from 27 March 2031 .

For the purpose of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:

Commission Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 of 12 February 2014 laying down requirements and administrative procedures related to aerodromes pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 44, 14.2.2014, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2014/139/oj).

(1) ground handling organisation means one of the following:(a) a stand-alone ground handling organisation or a ground handling organisation that is part of a single ground handling organisation business grouping;(b) an aerodrome operator providing ground handling services;(c) an aircraft operator providing ground handling services to itself or within a single air carrier business grouping (self-handling);

(a) a stand-alone ground handling organisation or a ground handling organisation that is part of a single ground handling organisation business grouping;

(b) an aerodrome operator providing ground handling services;

(c) an aircraft operator providing ground handling services to itself or within a single air carrier business grouping (self-handling);

(2) single ground handling organisation business grouping means two or more ground handling organisations providing services in more than one Member State and are registered in territories to which the Treaties apply, which facilitate the harmonisation of their management systems and main organisation processes for the purpose of compliance with this Regulation, including applying the same policies, processes and procedures to the components of their management systems such as the safety management, documentation, compliance monitoring, management of changes, training of ground handling personnel, operational procedures, and maintenance programme for ground support equipment;

(3) passenger handling means activities related to any kind of assistance to arriving, departing, transfer or transit passengers, including, where applicable, passenger and baggage acceptance, travel documents and flight tickets check, boarding pass issuance, gate activities, passenger boarding and disembarkation;

(4) ground support equipment (GSE) means a motorised or non-motorised mobile vehicle, apparatus or piece of equipment that is designed, built and used for the provision of ground handling services on the movement area of an aerodrome;

(5) baggage handling means a process consisting of several steps covering baggage sorting, baggage build, baggage transportation from the sorting area to the aircraft and vice versa, gate delivery baggage, baggage arrival, mishandled baggage, baggage reconciliation;

(6) into-plane fuelling service means delivery of fuel to an aircraft;

(7) aircraft de-icing means a ground procedure by which frost, ice, snow or slush is removed from an aircraft in order to provide uncontaminated surfaces. The process can combine de-icing and anti-icing performed in two steps;

(8) aircraft anti-icing, means a ground procedure that provides protection against the formation of frost or ice and accumulation of snow or slush on treated surfaces of the aircraft for a limited period of time (holdover time);

(9) aircraft turnaround means a coordinated process of activities associated with the handling of an aircraft, its passengers, baggage, mail and cargo, occurring in a predetermined time interval between the aircraft arrival and its departure;

(10) aircraft loading means stowing load or unit load devices (ULDs) on board the aircraft in accordance with the loading instructions;

The conditions and procedures for organisations providing ground handling services to declare their capability and the availability to them of the means, to discharge the responsibilities for the safe provision of services as referred to in Article 37(2) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, shall be as set out in Annexes I and II to this Regulation.

Commission Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 of 26 November 2014 on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and appliances, and on the approval of organisations and personnel involved in these tasks (OJ L 362, 17.12.2014, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2014/1321/oj).

(11) baggage means the personal property or other articles of a passenger or crew member carried on a flight;

(12) cargo or freight means goods or property that are carried on an aircraft, other than baggage, mail, company material, company mail, and in-flight supplies, which are not consumed or used during flight;

(13) mail means dispatches of correspondence and other items, other than the aircraft operator’s mail, tendered by and intended for delivery to postal services in accordance with the rules of the Universal Postal Union (UPU);

(14) aircraft towing means the forward movement of an aircraft in service or out of service by using external power of ground support equipment that supports the aircraft’s nose landing gear or is attached to it;

(15) aircraft pushback means the movement of an aircraft from a nose-in parking position by using external power of ground support equipment. The operation may involve a towbar;

(16) unit load device (ULD) means a device for grouping and restraining cargo, mail and baggage for air transport that is either an aircraft container or a combination of an aircraft pallet and an aircraft pallet net, which is designed to be directly restrained by the aircraft cargo loading system (CLS);

(17) load control means a process under the responsibility of the aircraft operator, to ensure that the aircraft is safely and efficiently loaded before each flight;

(18) organisation providing ground handling services in more than one Member State means a ground handling organisation or a self-handling aircraft operator that provides services at aerodromes in more than one Member State and is overseen by more than one competent authority. It includes organisations that may or may not be part of a single ground handling organisation business grouping or of a single air carrier business grouping;

(19) audit means a systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which requirements are complied with;

(20) inspection means, in the context of compliance monitoring and oversight, an independent and documented conformity evaluation by observation and judgement accompanied, as appropriate, by measurements, testing or gauging, in order to verify compliance with applicable requirements; whereas an inspection may be part of an audit, but may also be conducted outside the normal audit plan, in particular, to verify the closure of a certain finding;

Organisations already providing ground handling services on 27 March 2025 shall submit a declaration in accordance with point ORGH.DEC.100 of Annex I to this Regulation from 27 March 2024 , in accordance with a plan established and agreed with their competent authority as identified in point ORGH.GEN.105 of Annex I to this Regulation.

https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/document-library/opinions/opinion-no-012024.

(21) dangerous goods (DG) means articles or substances which are capable of posing a hazard to health, safety, property or the environment and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in the Technical Instructions or which are classified according to those Instructions;

(22) ICAO Technical Instructions means ICAO Doc 9284 Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air;

(23) notification to captain (NOTOC) means accurate and legible written information provided to the commander or pilot-in-command concerning dangerous goods shipments or other special cargo that is to be carried on board the aircraft;

(24) just culture means just culture as defined in Article 2, point 12, of Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 of the European Parliament and of the CouncilRegulation (EU) No 376/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on the reporting, analysis and follow-up of occurrences in civil aviation, amending Regulation (EU) No 996/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Directive 2003/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulations (EC) No 1321/2007 and (EC) No 1330/2007 (OJ L 122, 24.4.2014, p. 18 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2014/376/oj). ;

(25) aircraft handling means all the ground handling activities and communications occurring on the movement area, including aircraft refuelling and defuelling, aircraft de-icing and anti-icing, replenishing with potable water, toilet and wastewater services, catering handling, aircraft cleaning services, provision and operation of ground support equipment, aircraft access, securing of aircraft on the ground, aircraft loading and unloading, aircraft pushback or towing, equipment attachment and removal, operation of vehicles and equipment in the immediate vicinity of the aircraft;

(26) passenger boarding bridge means a telescopic corridor that extends from an airport terminal to an aircraft for the passenger boarding and disembarkation;

(27) turnaround coordination means a ground handling function with a safety role, which coordinates the ramp handling activities and ends with the release (dispatch) of a flight upon the completion of the ground handling services to the aircraft on the apron;

(28) cargo compartment means the area of an aircraft that may be used for the transport of cargo, and/or baggage;

(29) equipment restraint area (ERA) means a safety buffer area around the aircraft, which shall remain free from obstruction and foreign object debris before and after aircraft arrival and departure and during aircraft manoeuvring to and from the parking stand, except for the ground support equipment and personnel required for manoeuvring;

(30) loading instructions means a set of instructions supporting the person supervising the aircraft loading in ensuring the correct and safe loading of the aircraft;

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .

It shall apply from 27 March 2028 .

However, point ORGH.MGM.201 of Annex I to this Regulation shall apply from 27 March 2031 .

OJ L 123, 12.5.2016, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/agree_interinstit/2016/512/oj.

(31) mass and balance documentation means documents containing data about the aircraft mass and balance, centre of gravity, aircraft load, notification to captain (NOTOC) for dangerous goods, loading instructions, load information.

Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on the reporting, analysis and follow-up of occurrences in civil aviation, amending Regulation (EU) No 996/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Directive 2003/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulations (EC) No 1321/2007 and (EC) No 1330/2007 (OJ L 122, 24.4.2014, p. 18 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2014/376/oj).

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: